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The Xenophile Historian





PHARAOHS OF ANCIENT EGYPT AND KINGS OF ANCIENT NUBIA






Here is the chronology I currently use for Egyptian history. Click on one of these links to jump to the period that interests you:


Red table:  ruled only in Lower Egypt.
White table:  ruled only in Upper Egypt.
Red text:  queen.
Black table:  Nubian
Purple text:  Persian
Green table:  Greek




The Archaic Period

"Dynasty 0"

3203-2840 B.C.

Lower Egypt

Seka
Haiu
Tiu
Thesh
Neheb
Wadjha or Waznar
Mech

 

Upper Egypt

Scorpion I?
Iry Hor (Ro)
Ka
Scorpion (II?)
Horus Crocodile (Hor-Sebek?)
Narmer (Menes?)

The I Dynasty

2822-2645 B.C.

Hor-Aha2822-2788
Djer (Zer)2788-2742
Djet2742-2735
Merneith2735-2720
Den (Udimu)2735-2694
Adjib (Anedjib, Enezib)2694-2679
Semerkhet2679-2671
Qa'a2671-2645
Sekhet?(a northern rebel)
Sneferka?(ditto)

The II Dynasty

2645-2532 B.C.

Hotepsekhemwy2645-2626
Nebra (Kakau or Raneb)2626-2616
Ninetjer2616-2579
Weneg, Sened, Nwbnefer, Neferkara, Neferkaseker2579-2559
Sekhemib (Perenmaat) / Peribsen2579-2562
Khasekhem / Khasekhemwy2562-2532





The Old Kingdom

The III Dynasty

2532-2477 B.C.

Djoser (Zoser)2532-2513
Sanakht (Nebka)2519-2513
Sekhemkhet (Djoser-Teti)2513-2507
Khaba2507-2501
Neferkare Huni2501-2477

The IV Dynasty

2477-2367 B.C.

Snefru2477-2453
Khufu2453-2430
Radjedef2430-2422
Khafre2422-2393
Hordjedef2393-2391
Menkaure2391-2373
Bakare?2373-2369
Shepseskaf2369-2367

The V Dynasty

2367-2241 B.C.

Userkaf2367-2360
Sahure2367-2348
Neferirkare Kakai2348-2328
Shepseskare Isi2328-2321
Neferefre/Khaneferre2321-2318
Niuserre Ini2318-2307
Menkauhor Ikauhor2307-2299
Djedkare Isesi (Izozi)2299-2271
Unas2271-2241

The VI Dynasty

2241-2075 B.C.

Teti2241-2211
Userkare2211-2209
Pepi I2209-2189
Merenre Antyemsaf I2189-2182
Pepi II2182-2088
Merenre Antyemsaf II2088-2087
Netjerkare Siptah (Nitocris?)2087-2084





The First Intermediate Period

The VII Dynasty

2084-2060 B.C.

Neferka(re) Pepisoneb2075-2072
Nefer(kamin) Anu2072-2069
Kakare Ibi2069-2067
Neferkaure2067-2063
Neferkauhor Khuwyhapi2063-2061
Neferirkare2061-2060

The VIII Dynasty

2088-1960 B.C.

Netjerikare2088-2083
Menkare2083-2078
Neferkare I2078-2073
Neferkare Nebi2073-2069
Djedkare Shemay2069-2044
Neferkare Khendu2065-2060
Merenhor2060-2040
Neferkamin2040-2020
Nikare2020-2000
Neferkare Tereru2000-1980
Neferkahor1980-1960

The IX & X Dynasties

1960-1860 B.C.

[Nebkaure] Khety I (Akhtoy)1960-1954
?1954-1948
Neferkare II1948-1942
[Meryibre] Khety II1942-1936
Senen[re Khety]1936-1930
Wahkare Khety III1930-1924
Mer[ikare]1924-1918
Shed[. . .]1918-1912
H[. . .]1912-1906
9 kings1906-1860





The Middle Kingdom

The XI Dynasty

1939-1796 B.C.

Mentuhotep I1960-1952
Inyotef I1952-1937
Inyotef II1937-1888
Inyotef III1888-1880
Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II1880-1829
Saankhkare Mentuhotep III1829-1818
Nebtaure Mentuhotep IV1818-1811

The XII Dynasty

1796-1632 B.C.

Amenemhet I1811-1782
Senusret I1791-1746
Amenemhet II1749-1715
Senusret II1717-1698
Senusret III1698-1660
Amenemhet III1678-1634
Amenemhet IV1634-1625
Sebekneferu1625-1621





The Second Intermediate Period

The XIII Dynasty

1621-1433 B.C.

Khutawyre Wegaf1621-1620
Sekhemkare1620-1615
Interregnum1615-1610
Amenemhet V "the Amu"1610-1605
Sehetepibre I1605-1600
Iufni1600-1595
Sankhibre1595-1590
Smenkhkare1590-1585
Sehetepibre II1585-1580
Sewadjkare I1580-1575
Nedjemib[...]re1575-1570
Sebekhotep I1570-1565
Renseneb1569-1568
Awibre Hor I1568-1563
Sedjef[...]kare1563-1558
Sekhemre-khutawy Sebekhotep II1558-1553
Userkare Khendjer1553-1548
Smenkhkare Mermesha1548-1543
Inyotef IV1543-1538
[. . .]set1538-1533
Sekhemkare Sebekhotep III1533-1531
Khasekhemre Neferhotep I1531-1520
Sithathor1520
Khaneferre Sebekhotep IV1520-1501
Khahotepre Sebekhotep V1501-1497
Wahibre Iayib1597-1487
Merneferre Ay1487-1464
Merhotepre Sebekhotep VI1464-1463
Sankhrenesewadjtu1463-1461
Mersekhemre Ined1461-1459
Sewadjkare Hori1459-1454
Merkaure Sebekhotep VII1454-1453
Sebekhotep VIII?1453-1449
?1449-1445
Dudimose1445-1441
Ibi1441-1437
[...]webenre Hor II1437-1433

The XIV Dynasty

1474?-1290? B.C.

7 kings21 years?
Merkheperre4 years?
Merka[re]4 years?
9 kings27 years?
Nehesy4 years?
Khatyre4 years?
Nebfaure1 year
Sehebre3 years
Merdjefare3 years
Sewadjkare II1 year
Nebdjefare1 year
Webenre1 year?
?1 year
?4 years
[. . .]ben[re]3 years
Auibre4 years?
Heribre4 years?
Nebsenre4 years?
?3 years?
Sekheperenre2 years
Djedkherure2 years
Sankhibre4 years?
Nefertemre4 years?
Sekhem[. . .]re4 years?
Kakemure4 years?
Neferibre4 years?
Ya[. . .]3 years?
Kha[. . .]re3 years?
Aakare3 years?
Smen[. . .]re3 years?
Djed[. . .]re I3 years?
10 kings30 years?
Senefer[ka]re3 years?
Men[. . .]re3 years?
Djed[. . .]re II3 years?
3 kings9 years?

The XV Dynasty

1290-1183 B.C.

Shalek?1290-1272
Bebankh?1272-1254
Anak[tau] Khyan1254-1236
Yanassi1236-1218
Auserre Apepi (Apophis)1218-1200
Khamudy1200-1183

The XVI Dynasty

1446-1285 B.C.

Sekhemre-wahhau Rahotep3 years
Sekhemre-wadjhau Sebekemsaf I16 years
Sekhemre-se[...]1 year
Sewadjenre [...]1 year
Nebirierau I26 years
Nebirierau II19 years?
Semenenre19 years?
Seuserenre19 years?
Sekhemre-shedwaset Sebekemsaf II18 years?
?18 years?
?2 years
?1 year
?18 years?

The XVII Dynasty

1285-1150 B.C.

Sebekemsaf III1285-1259
Inyotef IV1259-1235?
Senakhtenre' Tao I1235-1211?
Sekenenre Tao II1211-1197
Kamose1197-1194
Ahmose1194-1170
Amenhotep I1170-1150





The New Kingdom

The XVIII Dynasty

1150-953 B.C.

Thutmose I1150-1139
Thutmose II1139-1138
Hatshepsut1138-1116
Thutmose III1138-1085
Amenhotep II1085-1059
Thutmose IV1059-1050
Amenhotep III1050-1012
Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten1015-998
Neferneferuaten? (Nefertiti?)1004-1000
Smenkhkare998-995
Tutankhamen995-986
Ay986-982
Horemheb982-953

The XIX Dynasty

953-855 B.C.

Ramses I953-951
Seti I951-940?
Ramses II940-873
Merneptah885-865
Amenmesses873-868
Seti II868-862
Siptah862-856
Tausret (Twosret)862-855

The XX Dynasty

868-817 B.C.

Setnakht868-864
Ramses III866-835
Ramses IV856-850
Ramses V850-847
Ramses VI847-841
Ramses VII841-836
Ramses VIII836-835
Ramses IX835-816
Wehem-mesut (repeating of births?)829-823
Ramses X821-813
Ramses XI847-817





The Third Intermediate Period

The XXI Dynasty

829-711 B.C.

Smendes I (Nesunebded)829-803
Amenemisu803-799
Psusennes I799-751
Amenemopet753-744
Siamun744-725
Psusennes II725-711

High Priests at Thebes

823-665 B.C.

Herihor823-817
Piankh817-813
Pinedjem I813-788
Masaharta788-772
Menkheperre772-719
Smendes II719-717
Pinedjem II717-696
Psusennes III696-672

The XXII Dynasty

823-688 B.C.

Osorkon (the Elder)829-823
Hedjkheperre Shoshenk I (Bubastis)823-803
Sekhemkheperre Osorkon I (Bubastis)803-789
Usermare Takelot I (Bubastis)789-781
Usermare Osorkon II (Tanis and later Bubastis)785-762
Hekakheperre Shoshenk II (Thebes and Heracleopolis)772-769
Harsiese (Thebes and Heracleopolis)769-764
Hedjkheperre Takelot II (Thebes and Heracleopolis)764-739
Usermare Shoshenk III (Bubastis and later Tanis)762-723
Akhperre Shoshenk V723-709
Usermare Pimay709-703
Akhperre Osorkon IV703-688

The XXIII Dynasty

755-671 B.C.

Usermare Pedubast755-730
Iuput I741-740
Shoshenk IV730-723
Osorkon III723-696
Takelot III696-689
Rudamen689-686
Iuput II686-675
Shoshenk VI675-671

The XXIV Dynasty

730-715 B.C.

Tefnakht I730-720
Bakenranef720-715

The XXV Dynasty (Kush, the Napatan era)

953-656 B.C.
(Note: The existence of the monarchs before Kashta is questionable.)

Makeda (The Queen of Sheba?)953-923
Menelik I922-898
Hanyon897
Sera I (Zerah the Ethiopian?)896-871
Amenhotep Zagdur870-840
Aksumay Ramissu839-820
Awseyo Sera II819-782
Alara (Tawasya?)781-760
Kashta (Abrahyus Wiyankihi?)760-747
Piye (Piankhi)747-716
Shabaka716-702
Shebitku (Shabataka)704-684
Taharqa690-664
Tanwetamani664-653
Atlanersa653-643
Senkamanisken643-623
Anlamani623-593
Aspelta593-568

(Napata sacked by the XXVI dynasty, Kushite capital moved upstream to Meroë)




The Late Period

The XXVI Dynasty

685-525 B.C.

Tefnakht II (Nubian governor, also called Stephinates)685-678
Nekauba678-672
Necho I672-664
Psamtek I (Psammetich)664-610
Necho II610-595
Psamtek II595-589
Apries (Hophra)589-569
Amasis (Ahmose II)569-526
Psamtek III526-525

The XXVII Dynasty

525-404 B.C.

Cambyses529-522
Smerdis522
Darius the Great522-486
Xerxes I486-465
Artaxerxes I465-424
Xerxes II424-423
Darius II423-404

The XXVIII Dynasty

404-397 B.C.

Amyrtaeus404-397

The XXIX Dynasty

397-378 B.C.

Nepherites I397-391
Achoris391-378
Psammuthis390
Nepherites II378

The XXX Dynasty

378-337 B.C.

Nectanebo I378-360
Tachos360-358
Nectanebo II358-342
Ochus342-337

The XXVII Dynasty Restored

340-331 B.C.

Artaxerxes III340-338
Arses338-336
Darius III336-331

 

Macedonian Kings

Alexander III (the Great)331-323
Philip III (Arrhidaeus)323-317
Alexander IV323-310

The Ptolemies

305-30 B.C.

Ptolemy I (Soter I)321-283 (crowned himself in 305)
Ptolemy II (Philadelphus)285-246
Ptolemy III (Euergetes I)246-222
Ptolemy IV (Philopator)222-204
Ptolemy V (Epiphanes)204-181
Ptolemy VI (Philometor)181-145
Ptolemy VII (Philopator Neos)145
Ptolemy VIII (Euergetes II)163-116
Ptolemy IX (Soter II)116-80
Ptolemy X (Alexander I)116-88
Ptolemy XI (Alexander II)80
Ptolemy XII (Auletes)88-58 and 55-51
Berenice58-55
Cleopatra VII51-30
Ptolemy XIII51-47
Ptolemy XIV47-44
Ptolemy XV (Caesarion)44-30

(Egypt becomes a province of the Roman Empire.)

Kush, the Meroitic era

590 B.C. - 320 A.D. (most dates after 350 B.C. are approximations)

Aspelta593-568 B.C.
Amtalqa568-555
Malenaqen555-542
Analmaye542-538
Amani-natake-lebte538-519
Karkamani519-510
Amaniastabarqa510-487
Siaspiqa487-468
Nasakhma468-463
Malewiebamani463-535
Talakhamani435-431
Amani-nete-yerike431-405
Baskakeren405-404
Harsiotef404-369
[unknown king]369-350
Akhraten350-335
Nastasen335-310
Aktisanes310-270
Aryamani?
Kash...merj Imen?
Irike-Piye-qo?
Sabrakamani?
Arkamani-qo (Ergamenes)270-260
Amanislo260-250
Aman...tekha250-235
Arnekhamani235-218
Arqamani218-200
Tabriqo
(Adikhalmani?)
200-190
[2 unknown kings]190-170
Shanakdakhete170-150
[unknown king]150-130
Naqyrinsan130-110
Tanyidamani110-90
[unknown king]90-50
[unknown queen]?
Nawidemak?
Amanikhabale50-40
Teriteqas40-10
Amanirenas
Akinidad
Amanishakheto10-1 B.C.
Natakamani1 B.C.-
20 A.D.
Amanitore
Arikhankharer
Arikakahtani
Shorkaror20-30 A.D.
Pisakar30-40
Amanitaraqide40-50
Amanitenmemide50-62
Amanikhatashan62-85
Teritnide85-90
Teqerideamani I90-114
Tamelerdeamani114-134
Adeqetali134-140
Takideamani140-155
Tarekeniwal155-170
Amanikhalika170-175
Aritenyesbokhe175-190
Amanikhareqerem190-200
Teritedakhatey200-215
Aryesbokhe215-225
[unknown king]225-246
[unknown king]246
Teqerideamani II246-266
Maleqorobar266-283
Yesbokheamani283-300
[2 unknown queens]300-320
[unknown king]320-355? A.D.

(Kush overthrown by the Ethiopian kingdom of Axum.)


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